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The radiators are fed by a common oscillator through a branching network. In each branch, an amplifier (or attenuator) and phase shifter are inserted in series to control the amplitude and phase of the signal feeding the antenna element in branch.

The array data is as follow:

Psi sub start expression N minus 1 end expression is connected to a sub start expression N minus 1 end expression.

Psi sub start expression N minus 2 end expression is connected to a sub start expression N minus 2 end expression.

Psi sub i is connected to a sub i.

Psi sub 1 is connected to a sub 1.

Psi sub 0 is connected to a sub 0.