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The antenna is connected to a source through a coaxial transmission line. The antenna generates waves that radiate outwardly toward the horn’s aperture. The electric field of the wave arriving at the aperture, which vary as a function of x sub a and y sub a over the horn’s aperture, and labeled, E sub a of x sub a and y sub a. The wave transitions from a guided wave into an unbounded wave, every point of its wave front serves as a source of spherical secondary wavelets inside the horn. At a distant point Q, the combination of all the waves arriving from all of these radiators constitutes the total wave that is observed by a receiver placed at that point.